From: Clinical outcomes resulting from telemedicine interventions: a systematic review
Outcomes | Quality Score | Clinical Specialty | Sample | Intervention | Effects |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flatley-Brennan[29] | I-B | AIDS | 57 patients | Social isolation and decision-making skill for home computer network (RCT) | Reduced social isolation when controlled for depression and improved confidence in decision-making with increased use |
Gustafson[30] | I-A | AIDS | 183 patients | Quality of life and hospitalizations (RCT) | Improvement in active life, negative emotions, cognitive functions, social support, and participation in health care; fewer hospitalizations |
Brennan[31] | I-B | Alzheimer's Disease | 102 caregivers | Social isolation and decision-making skill for home computer network (RCT) | Improved decision-making confidence but no improvement in decision-making skill or social isolation |
Sparks [32] | II-B | Cardiology | 20 patients | Comparison of home exercise program with transtelephonic exercise monitoring vs. hospital-based program (RCT) | Both groups improved equally in cardiac function, no medical emergencies in either group |
Mahmud [26] | III-B | Chronic Disease | 12 patients | Home telecare in chronic disease for frail elderly | Improved compliance and control of disease process; decreased hospitalization and nursing home placement |
Nakamura[25] | II-B | Chronic Disease | 32 patients | Home telecare in chronic disease for frail elderly | Improvement in activities of daily living, communication, and social cognition |
Johnston[24] | I-B | Chronic Disease | 212 patients | Home telecare in chronic disease for frail elderly (RCT) | Both groups had comparable medication compliance, knowledge of disease, and ability for self-care |
Ahring[17] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 42 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring (RCT) | Computer group had HgbA1c drop from 10.6% to 9.2% (-13.2%); control group from 11.2% to 10.2% (-8.9%) |
Shultz[21] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 20 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring (RCT) | Reduced HgbA1c levels in computer group but details not given |
Billiard[19] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 22 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring (RCT) | Computer group had HgbA1c drop from 6.7% to 6.0%; control group from 6.8% to 6.7% |
DiBiase[22] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 20 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring in gestational diabetes (RCT) | Computer group had HgbA1c drop from 6.4% to 5.0%; control group from 7.1% to 5.7% |
Frost[23] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 21 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring in gestational diabetes | Computer group had HgbA1c drop from 6.1% to 5.4%; control group from 6.2% to 5.7% |
Marrero[16] | I-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 106 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring (RCT) | Computer group had HgbA1c rise from 9.4% to 10.0%; control group from 9.9% to 10.3%; no difference in ER visits, psychological status, or family functioning |
Mease[20] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 28 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring (RCT) | Computer group had HgbA1c fall from 9.5% to 8.2% vs. 9.5% to 8.6% for control group |
Biermann[18] | II-B | Diabetes Mellitus | 46 patients | Home blood sugar monitoring (RCT) | Computer group had HgbA1c fall from 8.3% to 7.3% vs. 8.0% to 6.8% for control group |
Friedman[27] | I-A | Hypertension | 267 patients | Automated patient monitoring and counseling (RCT) | Adherence and diastolic blood pressure improved |
Cartwright[28] | I-B | Hypertension | 99 patients | Anxiety, blood pressure readings, and gestational age at delivery in home vs. hospital-monitored women (RCT) | Comparable levels of anxiety, mean blood pressure, and gestational age of delivery |
Gray[33] | I-B | Neonatology | 56 patients | Quality of care and hospitalization (RCT) | Trend towards earlier discharge from hospital |
Miyasaka[34] | III-B | Pulmonary | 10 patients | Amount of unscheduled care before and after installation of videophone access to physician | Reduction in number of house calls (5 vs. 0), unscheduled hospital visits (24 vs. 5), and hospital admission days (22 vs. 10) |