Table 1 characteristics of the included 23 studies
Author | Year | Selected time | Center | Study type | People | Mortality | Country | Model | Characteristic | Outcome | Total Patients, n | Training set/Validation set |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ashis Kumar Das [12] | 2020 | 2020.1.20-2020.5.30 | multicenterr | Retrospective | (KCDC2020) | 2.10% | Korea | LR、SVM、KNN、RF、XGBoost | 4 | UA | 3524 | 2819/705 |
Limin Yu [13] | 2021 | 2020.2.1-2020.5.4 | multicenter | Retrospective | ER departments of Beaumont Health | 14.50% | Mexico | Cat boost | 20 | in-hospital mortality | 1012 | 303、203 |
Fabiana Tezza [14] | 2021 | 2020.3-2020.4 | monocentric | Retrospective | Ospedali Riuniti Padova Sud | 22.01% | Italy | RPART、SVM、GBM、RF | 26 | in-hospital mortality | 341 | UA |
Alejandro Santos-Lozano [15] | 2020 | 2020.2.28-2020.3.30 | monocentric | Retrospective | large public Hospital of Madrid, Spain (Hospital 12 deOctubre) | 20.38% | Spain | ANN | UA | in-hospital mortality | 1369 | UA |
Prathamesh Parchure [16] | 2020 | 2020.2.10-2020.4.7 | multicenter | Retrospective | Mount Sinai Health System COVID-19 registry | 17.00% | USA | RF | UA | in-hospital mortality | 890 | 567/323 |
Rita Murri [17] | 2021 | 2020.3.5-2021.2.5 | monocentric | Retrospective | Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli | 18.90% | Italy | LR | 10 | in-hospital mortality | 2384 | 921/1463 |
Xiaoran Li [18] | 2020 | 2020.2.7-2020.5.4 | multicenter | Retrospective | Persons Under Investigation (PUI) | 13.89% | USA | DNN | 45 | in-hospital mortality | 1022 | 920/102 |
Sujoy Kar [19] | 2021 | 2020.4-2020.6/2020.8-2020.10 | multicenter | Retrospective | six Apollo Hospitals in India | 8.54% | India | XGBoost | 23 | UA | 2370 | 1393/977 |
Adam L. Booth [20] | 2020 | UA | multicenter | Retrospective | UA | 10.80% | USA | SVM | 5 | UA | 398 | 318/80 |
Emirena Garrafa [21] | 2021 | 2020.3-2020.12 | monocentric | Retrospective | ED and hospitalized at SCBH | 18.15% | Italy | RF、GBM、LR | 19 | in-hospital mortality | 2782 | 1776/676 |
Mohammad M. Banoei [22] | 2021 | 2020.6-UA | multicenter | Retrospective | University of Miami Hospital, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA, | 12.40% | USA | SIMPLS | 21 | in-hospital mortality | 250 | 172/78 |
Hoon Ko [23] | 2020 | 2020.2-2020.7 | multicenter | Retrospective | Wonkwang University Hospital (WKUH), Chonnam NationalUniversity Hospital (CNUH), and Samsung Medical Center (SMC) in Korea. | 45.82% | Korea | XGBoost、ADABoost、RF、DNN、DNN + XGBoost、DNN + AdaBoost、DNN + RF | 28 | in-hospital mortality | 467 | 361/106 |
Ju-Kuo Lin [24] | 2021 | UA | multicenter | Retrospective | Korea、Wuhan | 35.97% | China | CNN、ANN、Forest、RF、Random tree、REPT Tree、BAYESNET、Naïve Bayes、LOGISTIC、SMO | 30 | in-hospital mortality | 467 | 361/106 |
Ahmed Abdulaal [25] | 2020 | 20202.2-2020.4.22 | monocentric | Retrospective | A West London teaching hospital | 23.00% | UK | ANN | 22 | in-hospital mortality | 398 | 318/80 |
Fatemeh Moghaddam-Tabrizi [26] | 2021 | 2020.2-2020.4 | monocentric | Retrospective | Ghamar-Banihashem Hospital in Khoy district, Iran, | 21.20% | Iran | RF | 16 | in-hospital mortality | 401 | UA |
Abdulrhman Fahad Aljouie [27] | 2021 | 2020.4.2-2020.6.18 | multicenter | Retrospective | King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh | 8.99% | Saudi Arabia | RF | 20 | in-hospital mortality | 1513 | 1212/301 |
Maleeha Naseem [28] | 2021 | 2020.2-9 | monocentric | cross-sectional study | Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi | 10.71% | Pakistan | DNN、Deep-FLAIM、RF、KNN、SVC-RBF、DT、ABC、QDA | 16 | in-hospital mortality | 1214 | 849/365 |
Khadijeh Moulaei [29] | 2021 | 2020.3.5–9.22 | multicenter | Retrospective | Shahid Mostafa Khomeini, Hazrat Valiasr hospital, and Imam Hossein hospital | 23.53% | Iran | DT、Multilayer perceptron、KNN1、KNN2、KNN3、RF、SVM | 16 | UA | 850 | UA |
Logan Ryan [30] | 2020 | 2020.3.12-2020.4.12 | monocentric | Retrospective | A community hospital | 21.00% | USA | XGBoost | 12 | 72 h mortality | 114 | UA |
Kenji Ikemura [31] | 2021 | 2020.3.1-2020.7.3 | multicenter | Retrospective | Clinical Looking Glass (CLG) | 25.20% | USA | XGBoost(48)、XGBoost(10) | 48 | 30d mortality | 4313 | 3468/845 |
Chi Peng [32] | 2021 | 2020.2.5-2020.4.15 | monocentric | Retrospective | Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital or Guanggu Branch of Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology | 2.08% | China | ANN、naive Bayes、LR、RF | 49 | in-hospital mortality | 4804 | 3040/1764 |
Nicolás Munera [33] | 2022 | 2020.3-2021.1 | multicenterr | Retrospective | 22 hospitals across eight Latin-American countries | 23.70% | Colombia | RF | 16 | in-hospital mortality | 2552 | 2378/69 |
Hongbing Peng [34] | 2022 | 2020.1.11-2020.2.28 | multicenterr | Retrospective | five hospitals in Hunan Province,China | 3.22% | China | logistic regression | 43 | in-hospital mortality | 62 | UA |