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Table 5 Classification results of each model based on different data sets [Mean (Standard Deviations)]

From: Machine learning prediction models for different stages of non-small cell lung cancer based on tongue and tumor marker: a pilot study

Classifier

Models

Sensitivity

Specificity

f1_score

Precision

Accuracy

AUC

decision tree

Model 1

0.261(0.095)

0.885(0.104)

0.348(0.076)

0.671(0.205)

0.612(0.035)

0.626(0.052)

Model 2

0.448(0.145)

0.817(0.082)

0.514(0.147)

0.638(0.191)

0.664(0.052)

0.628(0.077)

Model 3

0.340(0.081)

0.805(0.103)

0.417(0.097)

0.570(0.171)

0.606(0.077)

0.570(0.077)

Model 4

0.412(0.127)

0.826(0.077)

0.489(0.137)

0.632(0.186)

0.655(0.049)

0.615(0.071)

Model 5

0.487(0.186)

0.776(0.108)

0.525(0.175)

0.608(0.206)

0.658(0.072)

0.658(0.104)

Model 6

0.410(0.209)

0.799(0.104)

0.451(0.192)

0.618(0.213)

0.63(0.079)

0.615(0.081)

SVM

Model 1

0.265(0.129)

0.932(0.048)

0.403(0.080)

0.738(0.123)

0.639(0.080)

0.547(0.049)

Model 2

0.210(0.182)

0.878(0.130)

0.272(0.163)

0.643(0.213)

0.606(0.062)

0.536(0.051)

Model 3

0.380(0.130)

0.831(0.058)

0.452(0.095)

0.614(0.107)

0.633(0.053)

0.548(0.049)

Model 4

0.417(0.123)

0.844(0.106)

0.506(0.091)

0.690(0.156)

0.667(0.073)

0.589(0.056)

Model 5

0.526(0.110)

0.846(0.077)

0.600(0.094)

0.721(0.124)

0.715(0.055)

0.606(0.065)

Model 6

0.583(0.124)

0.837(0.112)

0.644(0.106)

0.743(0.145)

0.736(0.074)

0.655(0.056)

random forest

Model 1

0.485(0.127)

0.802(0.074)

0.540(0.102)

0.639(0.116)

0.670(0.046)

0.680(0.054)

Model 2

0.443(0.118)

0.838(0.106)

0.523(0.110)

0.690(0.190)

0.673(0.048)

0.735(0.099)

Model 3

0.425(0.121)

0.772(0.095)

0.474(0.082)

0.579(0.123)

0.621(0.051)

0.679(0.045)

Model 4

0.414(0.130)

0.883(0.089)

0.511(0.118)

0.740(0.164)

0.688(0.027)

0.769(0.073)

Model 5

0.504(0.152)

0.866(0.111)

0.587(0.154)

0.743(0.218)

0.712(0.095)

0.780(0.074)

Model 6

0.514(0.109)

0.869(0.098)

0.597(0.105)

0.756(0.174)

0.718(0.062)

0.779(0.075)

neural network

Model 1

0.343(0.102)

0.876(0.090)

0.441(0.097)

0.688(0.178)

0.648(0.064)

0.676(0.060)

Model 2

0.354(0.214)

0.834(0.103)

0.420(0.177)

0.594(0.148)

0.642(0.054)

0.642(0.110)

Model 3

0.505(0.079)

0.771(0.109)

0.547(0.074)

0.625(0.141)

0.655(0.055)

0.660(0.062)

Model 4

0.378(0.182)

0.817(0.123)

0.429(0.137)

0.617(0.179)

0.624(0.045)

0.631(0.091)

Model 5

0.488(0.134)

0.827(0.105)

0.561(0.115)

0.686(0.137)

0.694(0.052)

0.741(0.065)

Model 6

0.61(0.108)

0.874(0.104)

0.686(0.095)

0.801(0.130)

0.767(0.081)

0.793(0.086)

naive bayes

Model 1

0.302(0.078)

0.867(0.092)

0.396(0.056)

0.663(0.191)

0.624(0.053)

0.650(0.067)

Model 2

0.279(0.134)

0.868(0.101)

0.371(0.132)

0.634(0.172)

0.624(0.087)

0.613(0.096)

Model 3

0.480(0.119)

0.858(0.068)

0.562(0.087)

0.718(0.096)

0.700(0.042)

0.767(0.064)

Model 4

0.279(0.134)

0.868(0.101)

0.371(0.132)

0.634(0.172)

0.624(0.087)

0.647(0.093)

Model 5

0.385(0.101)

0.907(0.065)

0.503(0.091)

0.770(0.096)

0.688(0.070)

0.761(0.078)

Model 6

0.385(0.101)

0.907(0.065)

0.503(0.091)

0.77(0.096)

0.688(0.070)

0.771(0.072)

logistic regression

Model 1

0.351(0.098)

0.838(0.104)

0.433(0.079)

0.630(0.167)

0.627(0.054)

0.667(0.065)

Model 2

0.391(0.183)

0.782(0.128)

0.444(0.155)

0.570(0.149)

0.627(0.054)

0.625(0.130)

Model 3

0.515(0.185)

0.667(0.129)

0.500(0.130)

0.529(0.106)

0.600(0.070)

0.602(0.100)

Model 4

0.505(0.154)

0.775(0.128)

0.541(0.115)

0.640(0.137)

0.664(0.053)

0.666(0.105)

Model 5

0.506(0.131)

0.690(0.150)

0.510(0.125)

0.565(0.180)

0.606(0.082)

0.615(0.083)

Model 6

0.494(0.122)

0.721(0.129)

0.515(0.124)

0.571(0.187)

0.621(0.075)

0.626(0.095)

  1. Note: Model 1,“baseline”, Model 2,“tumor marker”, Model 3, “tongue feature”, Model 4, “tongue feature and baseline”, Model 5, “tongue feature and tumor marker”, Model 6, “tongue feature and tumor marker and baseline”