Table 1 An overview of selected studies is presented in Table 1
Ref | Study aims | Study type | Number of participants | Information-educational needs and capabilities | Study results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[42] | Investigating the relationship between the severity of depression and the latent trait of interest in the schematic self-referential processing of cases of depressive symptoms using a mobile application | Quasi-experimental | 70 (36 males and 34 females) | Recording the depressive symptoms, self-care training, and patient’s follow-up by therapists | - Excellent built-in compatibility of the K-CESD-R mobile application - High treatment adherence rate for all participants - High follow-up rate for most of participants |
[33] | Identifying the implications of smartphone apps for the control and management of depression and anxiety | Not mentioned | 14 (5 males and 9 females) | Recording the depressive symptoms, automated prompts and reminders, planning for doing more exercise meditating more and drinking less alcohol, user authentication or approval, the audio tracks, and lifestyle management (how to exercise, reduce alcohol consumption and do meditation activities) | - Immediate symptomatic alleviation - Individual empowerment - Interpersonal support - promoting reductionist biomedical conceptualizations of mental ill health by mobile apps |
[43] | Evaluating the effectiveness of a web- and mobile-based intervention on treatment adherence | Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) | 164 (40 males and 164 females) | Interactive sessions and intervention sessions include text, testimonials, exercises, and audio and video clips, audio sequences introduce relaxation exercises, reminders, and online-based assessment patients | - Statistically significant between-group difference in Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) scores at posttreatment in favor of the intervention group - Significant improvement in favour of the intervention group for secondary outcomes such as quality of life, anxiety, and insomnia severity |
[44] | Investigating the effect of psychoeducational interventions on anxiety and self-esteem of women with breast cancer using mobile applications and online support groups | RCT | 82 women | Educational materials (including texts, animations, images, quizzes, audio files, and video clips, video clips for demonstrating how to accurately execute the exercises), proper diet management, stress management (addressing topics such as stress complications and anxiety symptoms, teaching the techniques of stress management and emotion management, thought stopping, diaphragmatic and conscious breathing, guided imagery, and progressive muscle relaxation), self-esteem and anger management (addressing anger management methods and problem-solving and including keys to the image gallery, aims, about us, and references) | - Significant reductions in the scores of anxiety and its two subscales (state anxiety and trait anxiety) - Increasing in the postintervention mean scores of self-esteems in the intervention group |
[45] | Investigating the effectiveness of an internet-based intervention and a mobile phone-based application for students with high stress | RCT | 150 (38 males and 112 females) | Trainings such as rumination and worrying, time management, procrastination, test anxiety, sleep, motivation, nutrition and exercise, and dealing with writer’s block and concentration, diary for recording different states of mood, the possibility of uploading images for the therapist, the possibility of reporting files in pdf format and completing evaluation forms related to psychological tests, automatic daily messages containing short motivational prompts, and ultrabrief training exercises via SMS (short message service) | - Reducing consequences of college-related stress and depression by mobile apps |
[46] | Investigating the feasibility and usability of a mobile-based interactive chatbot program in reducing attention deficit symptoms | RCT | 46 (20 males and 26 females) | Providing various training related to attention deficit, such as the cause, symptoms, and treatment—specifically, medications, Usage time and user log patterns are recorded for the analysis, daily assessment of the user’s concentration, mood, and state of anxiety, recording behavior change, emotional control, and mindfulness, time management, impulsivity, depression, and anxiety, and medication reminders Double-click to accept corrections and edit your text | - Significant reduction of attention deficit symptoms - Improvement in the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms |
[47] | Evaluation of the treatment outcomes of people with depression using three self-guided mobile apps | RCT | 348 (118 males and 266 females) | Recording daily changes in mood, video game, provided daily health tips for overcoming depressed mood such as self-care (e.g., taking a shower) or physical activity (e.g., taking a walk), providing suggestions for mindfulness and behavioral exercises, reminders, and providing psychotherapy evaluation forms | - Improvement depressive symptoms - Closing the treatment gap for underserved communities by mHealth |
[48] | Identification and analysis of current and future evidence of applications, social media, chatbots and virtual reality | Not mentioned | Â | Capturing longitudinal, dense and multimodal mental health data for use in diagnosis and monitoring, connections to clinical care, and remote patient monitoring. | - Better management and control of major depression; anxiety, bipolar and psychotic disorders by mobile apps |